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The study is aimed to investigate the reproductive biology characteristics of Polygonatum cyrtonema, especially including phenology, flower bud differentiation, flowering timing, floral traits, pollen vigor and stigma receptivity. The results showed that P. cyrtonema forms inflorescence before the leaves spread. In the wild, P. cyrtonema is mainly pollinated by insects such as bumblebees, with a seed setting rate of 65.12%. The seed setting rate of indoor single plant isolation or self-pollination enclosed by parchment paper bag is 0, indicating that it is self-incompatible. In Lin'an city, seedlings begin to emerge from mid-March to early April(the temperature is higher than 7.5 ℃), buds begin to emerge from the end of March to mid-April, and then undergo the full bloom stage from mid-to-late April, and the final flowering stage from the end of April to mid-May. The whole flowering period lasts 36 to 45 days. There are obvious differences in the phenology of different provenances. The flowers come into bloom from the base to the top along the aboveground main axis, which usually contain 4-22 inflorescences with(2-) 4-10(-21) flowers per inflorescence. The flowering pe-riod for a single plant is 26-38 days. The single flower lasts about 20-25 days from budding to opening and withers 2 days after pollination, and then the ovary will gradually expand. If unpollinated, it will continue to bloom for 3-5 days and then wither. Flower development period is significantly related to pollen vigor and stigma remittance. The pollen viability is the highest when the flower is fully opened with anthers gathering on the stigma, and the receptivity is the strongest when the stigma protrudes out of the perianth and secretes mucus. The fruits and seeds ripen in October, and proper shading can ensure the smooth development and maturity of the seeds. This study provides a basis for the hybrid breeding and seed production of P. cyrtonema.
Subject(s)
Flowers , Plant Breeding , Pollination , Polygonatum , ReproductionABSTRACT
AIM:To investigate the role of microRNA (miR)-199a-5p in myocardial fibrosis and the potential target of miR-199a-5p.METHODS:C57BL/6 mouse cardiac fibroblasts were isolated and cultured for cellular experimen-tal study.Dual-luciferase reporter assay was performed to confirm the interaction between miR-199a-5p and the 3'-untrans-lated region (3'-UTR) of silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1).The expression of SIRT1 and fibrosis markers collagen (Col) 1a1, Col3a1 and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) at mRNA and protein levels was determined by RT-qPCR and Western blot, respectively.RESULTS:The expression levels of miR-199a-5p, Col1a1, Col3a1 andα-SMA were marked-ly increased in cardiac fibroblasts after treatment with angiotensin Ⅱ(AngⅡ).The over-expression of miR-199a-5p signif-icantly increased the expression of Col1a1, Col3a1 andα-SMA in cardiac fibroblasts.Moreover, the results of dual-lucifer-ase reporter assay revealed that miR-199a-5p interacted with the 3'-UTR of SIRT1.miR-199a-5p inhibited SIRT1 expres-sion at post-transcriptional level.Meanwhile, miR-199a-5p mimic, in parallel to SIRT1 siRNA, inhibited SIRT1 expres-sion, increased the expression of Col1a1, Col3a1 and α-SMA in cardiac fibroblasts.Inactivation of NF-κB signaling con-tributed to the decrease in miR-199a-5p in Ang II-treated cardiac fibroblasts .CONCLUSION:SIRT1 is a target gene of miR-199a-5p, which mediates the pro-fibrotic effect of miR-199a-5p on cardiac fibroblasts .
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AIM:To investigate the therapeutic effect of Qingqianliu ( QQL) antidiabetic prescription , contai-ning Cyclocarya paliurus, on type 2 diabetic rats.METHODS: Ten rats were randomly chosen as normal control group , and other rats were used to establish diabetic rat models by high-fat diet feeding plus streptocin intraperitoneal injection . Successfully modeling rats were randomly divided into high (300 mg· kg -1· d-1), medium (150 mg· kg-1· d-1) and low (75 mg· kg-1· d-1) doses of QQL treatment groups, and model control group (10 rats in each group).The rats re-ceived daily treatment for 6 weeks.Meanwhile, the therapeutic effect of QQL on these type 2 diabetic rats were evaluated via the body weight , the levels of serum glucose , insulin and glycosylated hemoglobin , the glucose tolerance , the pathologi-cal changes of pancreatic islands , antioxidative indexes and inflammaory factors .RESULTS:Compared with model control group, the body weight, serum insulin, glucose tolerance, serum SOD and serum GSH were increased , the serum glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin , MDA, IL-1βand TNF-αwere decreased , and the pathological changes of pancreatic islands were improved in type 2 diabetic rats with QQL treatment at high and low doses (P<0.05 or P<0.01).CONCLUSION:The QQL reduces the blood glucose , improves the glucose tolerance , and attenuates the damage of pancreatic islands .Its me-chanism may be related to antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects .
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Objeetive:To investigate the expression of HSP90 in cholangiocarcinoma tissues and cells,and the effect of 17-AAG on cholangiocarcinoma cell line.Methods:Forty patients with cholangiocarcinoma admitted to our hospital from July 2015 to July 2016 were selected as study subjects.Expression of HSP90 in cholangiocarcinoma tissues,paracancerous tissues and normal tissues was detected respectively.Cholangiocarcinoma cell lines were treated with different concentrations of 17-AAG,and expression of HSP90 and its effect protein HIF-1 α was detected.R esults:The total positive rate in cholangiocarcinoma tissues (82.5％) was higher than paracancerous tissues (35.0％) and normal tissues (20.0％)(all P＜0.05).The strong positive expression rate in cholangiocarcinoma tissues(37.5％) was higher than paracancerous tissues(10.0％) and normal tissues (5.0％)(all P＜0.05).There was no significant correlation between expression of HSP90 in cholangiocarcinoma tissues and invasion depth,lymph node metastasis (P＞0.05),but there was a significant correlation with TNM stage and tumor diameter (P＜0.05).With the increase of treatment concentration of 17-AAG,HSP90 α / β-actin and HIF-1 α / β-actin decreased,and there were significant differences in expression of HSP90α and its effect protein HIF-1 α in cholangiocarcinoma cell lines under different treatment concentrations (P＜0.05).Conclusion:HSP90 is highly expressed in cholangiocarcinoma tissues and cells and its expression is related to clinical stage and tumor diameter.17-AAG can down regulates the expression of HSP90 α and HIF-1 α in TE-1 cells,which plays a certain guiding role in clinical treatment.
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[Objective]To investigate the role and the potential target of miR-92b-3p in angiotensin Ⅱ(Ang-Ⅱ)-induced mouse cardiac hypertrophy.[Methods]Ang-Ⅱ-induced cardiac hypertrophy models were established in adult C57BL/6 mice. AgomiR-92b-3p,the cholesterol-modified miR-92b-3p mimic,was delivered to increase the level of miR-92b-3p in mouse myocar?dium via tail vein injection. In the present study,three groups of mice were used in the animal experiment as follows,the agomiR-negative control(agomiR-NC)+saline group,the agomiR-NC+Ang-Ⅱgroup and the agomiR-92b-3p+Ang-Ⅱgroup. A cell model of cardiac hypertrophy was also established in Ang-Ⅱ-induced neonatal mouse cardiomyocytes in this study Luciferase activity was assayed after transfection using a luciferase reporter assay system. The expression of Myocyte-specific enhancer factor 2D( MEF2D) and hypertrophy-related genes atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP),cardiac muscle α-actin (ACTA1) and β-myosin heavy chain (MHC)at mRNA and protein levels in Ang-Ⅱ-induced hypertrophic myocardium and cardiomyocytes were detected by qRT-PCR and Western blot,respectively.[Results]The expression of ANP,ACTA1,β-MHC were markedly increased in Ang-Ⅱ-induced hypertrophic myocardium and cardiomyocytes. Dual luciferase reporter assay revealed that MEF2D is a potential target gene of miR-92b-3p. And miR-92b-3p can reduce the expression of MEF2D at the post-transcriptional level. Functionally,miR-92b-3p mimic, consistent with MEF2D siRNA,inhibited cell size increase and protein expression of ANP,ACTA1 andβ-MHC in Ang-II-treated mouse cardiomyocytes.[Conclusions]MEF2D is a novel target of miR-92b-3p,a target gene of miR-92b-3,which mediates the ef?fect of miR-92b-3p on attenuating cardiomyocyte hypertrophy.
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AIM:To investigate the role of microRNA (miR)-199a-5p in myocardial fibrosis and the potential target of miR-199a-5p.METHODS:C57BL/6 mouse cardiac fibroblasts were isolated and cultured for cellular experimen-tal study.Dual-luciferase reporter assay was performed to confirm the interaction between miR-199a-5p and the 3'-untrans-lated region (3'-UTR) of silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1).The expression of SIRT1 and fibrosis markers collagen (Col) 1a1, Col3a1 and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) at mRNA and protein levels was determined by RT-qPCR and Western blot, respectively.RESULTS:The expression levels of miR-199a-5p, Col1a1, Col3a1 andα-SMA were marked-ly increased in cardiac fibroblasts after treatment with angiotensin Ⅱ(AngⅡ).The over-expression of miR-199a-5p signif-icantly increased the expression of Col1a1, Col3a1 andα-SMA in cardiac fibroblasts.Moreover, the results of dual-lucifer-ase reporter assay revealed that miR-199a-5p interacted with the 3'-UTR of SIRT1.miR-199a-5p inhibited SIRT1 expres-sion at post-transcriptional level.Meanwhile, miR-199a-5p mimic, in parallel to SIRT1 siRNA, inhibited SIRT1 expres-sion, increased the expression of Col1a1, Col3a1 and α-SMA in cardiac fibroblasts.Inactivation of NF-κB signaling con-tributed to the decrease in miR-199a-5p in Ang II-treated cardiac fibroblasts .CONCLUSION:SIRT1 is a target gene of miR-199a-5p, which mediates the pro-fibrotic effect of miR-199a-5p on cardiac fibroblasts .
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AIM:To investigate the therapeutic effect of Qingqianliu ( QQL) antidiabetic prescription , contai-ning Cyclocarya paliurus, on type 2 diabetic rats.METHODS: Ten rats were randomly chosen as normal control group , and other rats were used to establish diabetic rat models by high-fat diet feeding plus streptocin intraperitoneal injection . Successfully modeling rats were randomly divided into high (300 mg· kg -1· d-1), medium (150 mg· kg-1· d-1) and low (75 mg· kg-1· d-1) doses of QQL treatment groups, and model control group (10 rats in each group).The rats re-ceived daily treatment for 6 weeks.Meanwhile, the therapeutic effect of QQL on these type 2 diabetic rats were evaluated via the body weight , the levels of serum glucose , insulin and glycosylated hemoglobin , the glucose tolerance , the pathologi-cal changes of pancreatic islands , antioxidative indexes and inflammaory factors .RESULTS:Compared with model control group, the body weight, serum insulin, glucose tolerance, serum SOD and serum GSH were increased , the serum glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin , MDA, IL-1βand TNF-αwere decreased , and the pathological changes of pancreatic islands were improved in type 2 diabetic rats with QQL treatment at high and low doses (P<0.05 or P<0.01).CONCLUSION:The QQL reduces the blood glucose , improves the glucose tolerance , and attenuates the damage of pancreatic islands .Its me-chanism may be related to antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects .
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BACKGROUND: Continuous blood purification can remove cytokines and inflammatory mediators, maintain homeostasis and prevent the occurrence of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome in patients with severe pancreatitis, which has become the main therapy for severe pancreatitis. Since the hemodialysis technology began to be applied clinical y, the biological and physicochemical properties of hemodialysis membrane materials have been studied. A variety of hemodialysis membranes have been developed in order to improve the biocompatibility and anticoagulant effect in vitro. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the application effect of hemodialysis membranes on severe pancreatitis. METHODS: Ten Wistar rats were selected to make rat models of severe pancreatitis and then were randomized into two groups (n=5 per group): homophone membrane group and polysulfone membrane group. Hemodialysis- related biochemical parameters were detected in the two groups. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with the homophone membrane, ultrafiltration coefficient, creatinine clearance, blood urea nitrogen clearance, phosphorus clearance, number of circulating endothelial cel s, and levels of plasma nitric oxide and asymmetric dimethylarginine were significantly lower in the polysulfone membrane group (P < 0.05). Vitamin B12 clearance and amount of pre-congestion increased significantly in the polysulfone membrane group as compared with the homophone membrane (P < 0.05). These findings indicate that the polysulfone membrane for hemodialysis has good biocompatibility, and keeps a stable environment in vivo for severe pancreatitis patients.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the MRI manifestation of testicular tumor and the value of MRI in the diagnosis of the disease.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We retrospectively analyzed 23 cases of pathologically confirmed testicular tumor, and observed the morphological characteristics, signals and surrounding conditions of the tumor using plain and enhanced MRI scanning.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of the 23 cases, seminoma was identified in 7, mixed germinoma in 3, teratoma in 3, endodermal sinus tumor in 2, epidermoid in 1, Leydig cell tumor in 1, leucoma in 1, nonspecific inflammatory mass in 3, and tuberculosis in 2. MRI revealed the precise locations and specific characteristics of</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Based on MRI findings and clinical manifestation, most testicular tumors can be diagnosed correctly.</p>
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Child , Child, Preschool , Humans , Infant , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Carcinoma, Embryonal , Diagnosis , Endodermal Sinus Tumor , Diagnosis , Germinoma , Leydig Cell Tumor , Diagnosis , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Retrospective Studies , Seminoma , Diagnosis , Teratoma , Diagnosis , Testicular Neoplasms , DiagnosisABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the genetic diversity of main germplasm of Atractylodes macrocephala in China and the genetic differentiation of the germplasm of A. macrocephala.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>A molecular marker ISSR was used to analyze the genetic diversity of 7 populations of A. macrocephala and a population of A. lancea.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Twelve primers were used in the PCR amplification of 86 samples of A. macrocephala and 5 samples of A. lancea. Sixty-three bands with sizes ranged from 100 to 2500 bp were generated from 12 primers. Of all the 63 bands, 55 bands were polymorphic among 86 individuals of A. macrocephala, the percentage of polymorphic bands were 87.30% at the species level. The percentage of polymorphic bands (PPL) for a single population ranged from 58.73% to 71.43% (mean, 64.85%). Among the 7 populations, a population from Panan, GM exhibited highest variability (PPL =71.43%; HE = 0.2835; I = 0.4267). A dendrogram constructed by an unweighted pair group method of cluster analysis showed that populations from Panan constructed one branch and separated from other populations. In the AMOVA analysis, low level of genetic differentiation among populations was detected, 90.52% of the variability existed in population.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The genetic diversity of cultivated A. macrocephala in China is high, which is good for the production of high quality herb medicine.</p>
Subject(s)
Atractylodes , Classification , Genetics , Genetic Variation , Phylogeny , Plants, Medicinal , Genetics , Polymorphism, GeneticABSTRACT
Sinocalycanthus chinensis, an endangered species endemic to China, is cultivated as an ornamental landscape tree in China. However, S. chinensis, Chimonanthus species and Calycanthus floridus are difficult to be distinguished in seedling market because of their similar morphological characters. In this study, ISSR (inter-simple sequence repeats) were applied to detect S. chinensis from its closely related species. A unique 748-bp band was found in all accessions of S. chinensis. SCAR (sequence characterized amplified regions) markers were created by cloning and sequencing the specific band, and designing a pair of primers to amplify the band of 748 bp. Diagnostic PCRs were performed using the primer pair with the total DNAs of S. chinensis, Chimonanthus species and C. floridus as templates, with only S. chinensis being able to be amplified. This amplification is not only rapid (results can be obtained in less than 3 h), but is also easy to perform. Hence it is a feasible method for identifying S. chinensis in seedling market.
Subject(s)
Calycanthaceae , Genetics , DNA, Plant , Genetics , Genetic Markers , Genetics , Plant Leaves , Genetics , Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Technique , Species SpecificityABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To promote rational drug use in the clinic. METHODS: 275 ADR case reports collected by ADR monitoring center of Yaan city from 2005 to 2007 were classified and analyzed statistically. RESULTS:The occurrence of ADR induced by Chinese materia medica preparations through Ⅳin 2005 accounted for 80.4% of the total(56 cases).The occurrence of ADR induced by Chinese materia medica preparations through Ⅳ in 2006 accounted for 79.8% of the total(113 cases).The occurrence of ADR induced by Chinese materia medica preparations through Ⅳ in 2007 accounted for 75.5% of the total(106 cases).The Chinese medicinal injection was the chief dosage form causing ADR. CONCLUSION: Timely reporting of Chinese materia medica preparations-induced ADRs, strengthened monitoring and research of which may help to reduce and avoid the ADRs incidence induced by Chinese materia medica preparations and ensure patients' medication safety.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To assess the population genetic diversity and genetic structure and screen species-specific bands for identification of Changium smyrnioides and Chuanminshen violaceum.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Seven wild populations of Changium smyrnioides and one cultivated population of Chuanminshen violaceum were studied by ISSR analysis. The population genetic diversity and population genetic structure were assessed by using POPGENE software.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>A total of 152 ISSR markers were scored, among which 136 (90.8%) were polymorphic. The values of Gst tended to be high (mean Gst = 0.575). The level of genetic divesity of Changium smyrnioides (A = 1.272; P = 27.26%; I = 0.132; H = 0.087) was higher than that of Chuanminshen violaceum (A = 1.217; P = 21.7; I = 0.103; H = 0.067).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The genetic variation of Changium smyrnioides is high and the majority of genetic variation occur among populations. Substantial genetic divergence is shown by cluster analysis (UPGMA) to befound between Changium smyrnioides and Chuanminshen violaceum at DNA level. In addition, one species-specific marker has been obtained in Chuanminshen violaceum. The phylogenetic relationship of two species has also been discussed.</p>
Subject(s)
Apiaceae , Classification , Genetics , China , Cluster Analysis , DNA, Plant , Genetics , Ecosystem , Gene Frequency , Genetic Markers , Genetic Structures , Phylogeny , Plants, Medicinal , Genetics , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Polymorphism, Genetic , Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid , Species SpecificityABSTRACT
Objective The clinical and endoscopic characteristics of ischemic colitis (IC) were retrospectively reviewed. Methods 23 aged patients with IC were included; their symptoms,signs,laboratory findings and endoscopic appearances analysed. Results IC occurred most frequently in mid-aged and elders with predominant presentations as acute onset of lower abdominal pains and bloody stools.Endoscopic lesions located mainly in left colon with segmental distribution.Mucosal edema,erosion and submucosal bleeding were common pathological features.Most lesions (91％ ) looked to be nongangrenous, transient and reversible.Only 9 percent of cases turned into chronic stage. Conclusion IC should be suspected in all eldly patients with acute onset of lower abdominal pain and bloody stools.Early colonoscopy is of diagnostic significance.